Investigations on uplift response of anchors in sand with and without reinforcement

Abstract

There are many structures in civil engineering where the newlinerequirement to resist pullout forces acting on to their foundations is newlineinevitable Typical structures are tenttype roofs transmission towers newlinecooling towers cables of suspension bridges floating platforms offshore newlinemobile drill rigs etc All these structures are often subjected to wind which newlinemay result in pullout forces much greater than the weight of the structure newlineitself In the case of marine structures in addition to wind forcesthey are newlinesubjected to wave forces with substantial pullout force To resist the uplift newlineforces of high magnitude foundations of large size and weight are newlinerequired An alternative to massive sized foundation is a lightweight newlinefoundation embedded in soil known as anchor Anchor is a structural newlineelement that can take a variety of forms Over the past four decades a wide newlinevariety of foundation anchor systems plate belled pile and pier pedestal newlinepyramid grillage single and multihelical anchor grouted anchor flute newlineanchor suction anchorhave been developed in order to satisfy the newlineincreasing demand for foundations with everhigher pullout resistance newline newline