Effective wastewater treatment and management techniques in process plants

Abstract

Water scarcity is one of the most alarming problems in the world. Distributing the available accessible water for domestic, agricultural and industrial requirements is a biggest confront. Domestic water demand increases with population and as per statistics, approximately one million people are losing their life per year, due to lack of safe drinking water. The agricultural sector which is a significant consumer of water, can neither be restricted nor compromised in this arena. Hence effective management of water is the only possibility to reduce the burden on water scarcity. Moreover, the release of industrial effluents into the environment is yet another issue newlinewhich needs special attention. Many countries have successfully installed different desalination technologies to convert sea water into potable water to meet out the water requirements. Additionally, industries require different quality grades of water newlinefor their processes. Based on applications, water will be pre-treated using phisticated advance techniques like membrane technology, thermal distillation, etc. Most of the advanced treatment techniques are energy guzzlers. The water recovery in such processes depends on several factors and hence cost of treatment is bound to increase with the quality of treated water. Among the various water-consuming industries, textile industry effluents have been given significant consideration because the presence of dye even at a very low concentration (lt 1mg/L) is capable of producing visible colour in the water which affects the aesthetic merits of receiving newlinewater bodies. newline newline