Investigation of crystal structure and photoluminescence properties of transition metal doped ZnO and CdO nanoparticles

Abstract

Nanomaterials are the materials of single unit have the size less than 100 nm in at least one dimension. Without the development in materials science, there is no development in engineering and technology. Therefore, the research in nanomaterials takes place through materials science based approach. Materials with structure at the nanoscale often have unique optical, electronic, or mechanical properties. Now a day s nanomaterials are slowly becoming commercializedand beginning to emerge as commodities. Nanomaterials are coming into use in healthcare, electronics, cosmetics and other areas. Their physical and chemical properties often differ from those of bulk materials, so they are considered as a featured material. The conversion newlinefrom micron size to nanoscale leads to a number of changes in their physical properties of the particles. The foremost change is the increase in the surface area to volume ratio, as the size of the particle moves to a quantum size region (less than 10 nm) where quantum confinement effects are predominant. These new properties promise a new advancement in technology. In today s information and technology world, data are being processed as 0 s and 1 s by means of semiconductor chips and the same is stored in the magnetic hard disk. Nevertheless, these technologies are going to be replaced in near future by some other devices called spintronic devices in which both charge (semiconductivity) and spin (magnetism) are to be used. Few examples, for spintronic devices are spin valve transistors, spin light emitting diodes, non-volatile memory, logic devices, optical isolators and ultra-fast optical switches. Spintronic devices use semiconducting material having the ferromagnetic property at room temperature. newline newline