Synthesis of phenothiazine based fluorescent probes for sensing biological toxic ions

Abstract

In the present world of industrialized and technological revolution of life style, an enormous amount of pollutant has been released into the environment day by day, this causes huge health impacts and environmental deformity, one such major pollutant are heavy metals (HMT). Constant researches on estimation and removal of such toxic heavy metals from environment have been aggravated. The heavy metals such as mercury, zinc, silver, copper etc are vital, and essential in biological activities for organ functioning and growth of human body. However, they become more dangerous or even poisonous at high concentrations. On the otherhand, some anions such as fluoride, sulfide, phosphate play a significant role as co-factor, enzyme substrates in the biological systems and are important for human health, while its excess level entry is a major threat to human being. Therefore, development of chemical receptors for selective sensing and recognition of biologically important heavy metal ions and anions are major concern. These metal ions are detected using a variety of techniques such as atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic emission spectroscopy, X-ray fluorimetry and simple fluorescence chemosensor. In these methods, the fluorescence chemosensor is the best among the others which attributes to its effective characteristic feature such as simple, high sensitivity, easy function, quick response with fluorogenic and chromogenic colorimetric changes, biocompatible in cell imaging and it is an inexpensive detection technique to deliver considerable advantages over other methods. In the context of this research work, the rsearcher exploits fluorescent chemosensor technique by using phenothiazine based fluorescent probes was designed with famous receptors such as thiosemicarbazide, diaminomaleonitrile, hydrazine and 2-pyridinecarbal- -dehyde. newline newline newline