Certain investigations on economic dispatch with optimal power flow using optimization techniques

Abstract

The main aim of modern electric power utilities is to provide high quality reliable power supply to the consumers at the lowest possible cost, by satisfying the limits and constraints imposed on the generating units and fulfilling environmental considerations. These constraints formulate the economic load dispatch problem for finding the optimal combination of the output power. Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) is the method of determining the most efficient, low cost and reliable operation of a power system by dispatching the available electricity generation resources to supply the load on the system.The economic operation of power system is achieved by dividing loads among available generator units in such a way that their incremental generation costs are uniform. This was a simple problem where only operating limits on real power generation were considered and the effect of newlineSystem losses was either neglected or approximated by penalty factors calculated from loss formula or load flow Jacobian matrix. As the power system became increasingly large and complex, the security became an important issue, which required more detailed system models. The problem consists of determining the magnitudes and phase angle of voltages at each bus as well as active and reactive power flow in each line. The optimal power flow problem can be defined as meeting customers energy needs with the minimum cost of energy production. Optimal power flow (OPF) has been widely used in power system and management which merely focuses on minimizing the smooth quadratic costs of real energy production, particularly during the regularized system. newline newline