study of image forensic for authentication

Abstract

In recent years, digital images have become prevalent in all newlinetransactions of all organizations. Many governmental, legal, scientific, and newlinenews media organizations rely on digital images to make critical decisions or newlineto use as a photographic evidence of specific events. Image tampering or newlinealteration is characterized as adding, changing, or deleting some important newlinefeatures from an image without leaving any obvious trace . The digital image newlineforgery is the process of manipulating the original photographic images to newlinecreate the forged image. With the availability of powerful image editing tools, newlinenumerous image retouching techniques have become practical. Not all such newlineimage editing and alterations are harmful. However, malicious intended newlinemodification of image content forms a serious threat to the secure and legal newlineusage of digital images. Digital forensics aims to detect the alterations done in newlinethe images by investigating the images. Hence, there is a great need for digital newlineforensic techniques which could detect such image alterations, forgeries and newlineauthenticate the images.The objectives of this work are to develop an automatic approach newlinefor performing image forensic analysis and detecting image forgeries to newlinevalidate the originality of the images. A new technique has been proposed for newlineimage authentication by detecting the manipulations that are done in the newlinedigital images in this work. In most of the image forgeries such as copymove, newlineregion duplication etc. image enhancement such as contrast newlineenhancement and histogram equalization are often involved to provide natural newlinelook in the altered image newline newline