Eco Friendly Low Profile Antenna for High Frequency Applications

Abstract

ABSTRACT Antennas are electrical devices which convert electrical power into radio waves. As the technology progresses, people demand devices that are slim, compact and more attractive than ever before. This requires the development of low cost and low profile antenna. Furthermore, the electronic waste can be reduced by using eco-friendly materials. In this work, new innovative antennas are designed by using biodegradable cellulosic paper material. The development of compact flexible antennas by using ecofriendly materials paves the way for reducing electronic wastes. This research focuses on the development of flexible transparent antennas which uses bio degradable materials and identifies the process used for designing the antenna which is less toxic to the environment. The first phase of the research work focuses on the development of an Inverted-F monopole antenna by sputtering. Sputtering is an emerging technology of coating high aspect ratio trenches on top of a cellulose acetate paper by a planar magnetron RF/DC sputtering unit. The radiation pattern and gain for this antenna is analyzed using near field testing range and vector analyzer. It is observed that the antenna gain is better than other compact antennas. An improvement in efficiency of 7.5% is achieved by sputtered inverted-F antenna, which is higher than that of the existing sputtered deposited thin film planar inverted-F antenna. This increases the range of the antenna and thereby increasing the SNR. In the second phase, the development of monopole antenna by using biodegradable materials is considered. The design process used is cost effective and less toxic to the environment. The operating frequencies are analyzed and are found that these antennas can be used for applications using VHF and UHF ranges. newlineFinally in the third phase, a dipole antenna is developed. Because of its bilateral symmetrical property, these antennas are used for different applications. The same ecofriendly sintering process is used for designing the dipole antenna. The an