Biochar Supported Metal Based and Metal Free Nano Hetero Structures for Photocatalysis and Environmental applications

Abstract

newline xxi newlineAbstract newlineThe present research work has been attempted to explore the cost-effective benign Biochar supported nano-hetero-assemblies for environmental remediation and energy production. Different biochar supported photocatalysts has been successfully synthesized by facile approaches: FeVO4/g-C3N4 supported on pinus needle and bark derived biochar (CIB); g-C3N4/Bi2O2CO3/CoFe2O4 supported on pruning waste of Prunusdulcis derived biochar (BCBF); reduced graphene oxide/polymeric g-C3N4suppored on coal cahr (RPC); BiOCl/g-C3N4/Cu2O/Fe3O4 (BGC-F); Brewery waste derived biochar supported g-C3N4/acidified-C3N4 /reduced graphene oxide (GARB) and g-C3N4/polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide (GPRB). The synthesized nanocomposites were systematically characterized by the modern highly sophisticated instrumental techniques such as Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR), the phase purity and crystalline information was analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), specific surface area was analyzed using nitrogen adsorption-desorption method using Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET),the ultraviolet visible spectra (UV vis) were obtained using a double beam spectrophotometer, Photoluminescence (PL) was done using a fluorescence spectrophotometer, magnetic studies were carried out using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM),scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to study surface morphology, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging was done to study the internal morphologies and size determination of as prepared samples. newlineA magnetically recoverable biochar supported ternary g-C3N4/Bi2O2CO3/CoFe2O4 heterojunction (BCBF) was fabricated which shows a high visible photoactivity. The heterojunction was used for degradation of pesticide paraquat under visible radiation (Xe lamp), natural sunlight, photo-ozonation, peroxymonosulphate, and coupled conditions. A high degradation of 99.3% was achieved under visible radiation in 90 min and 92.1% under solar light in 120 min. Biochar s