Certain investigations on the performance of various types of fractal antennas metamaterial antennas and filter

Abstract

This Research proposes a new set of microstrip antennas with improved performances for wireless communications by combining the fractal and metamaterial concepts without compromising the miniaturized size Microwave antenna is an ever active area of research because of its never ending demand in the modern communication era What matters importantly in the demand is the profile of the antenna for modern wireless newlinedevices Starting from large space occupying parabolic antenna a variety of antennas have been invented found in use and being investigated for improvements all depending on the needs and intended areas of application However due to the advancement of sophisticated technologies the antennas need to shrink to fit smaller areas as the system itself has shrunk in size Therefore the increased demands on miniaturized antennas for robust communications with wireless devices sensor networks biomedical implantable automotive wearable and radio frequency identification systems newlineare never ending The conventional MSA belongs to the miniature antenna category providing low profile such as planar thin less space occupancy simpler less expensive to manufacture and more compatible with printed circuit technology However the MSA lacks multiband or broadband coverage and suffers from single resonance and low gain unless arranged to form stacking and arrays for enhancement which are against its low profile newline newline