Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization along with Virulence Factor of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus VRE Infections

Abstract

Enterococci are the member of the healthy intestinal flora but are also leading causes newlineof highly antibiotic resistant infections. Serious enterococcus infections are often newlinedifficult to treat since the organism has a tremendous capacity to acquired resistance newlineto penicillin, high concentration of aminoglycoside and vancomycin. Aim of the study newlineto check the prevalence rate of enterococcus species in our hospital. A 125 newlineenterococcus were studied, species identification was done by conventional methods. newlineAntibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion newlinemethod. Vancomycin resistant detection and High level aminoglycoside resistance newlinedetected by Disc Diffusion method and confirmed by E-Test MIC method. E-Test newlineMIC method was considered as gold standard method. Virulence factors detected by newlinethree different methods hemolysin detection, gelatinase detection and biofilm newlineproduction. In 125 enterococcus isolates, 88 are Enterococcus faecalis and 37 are newlineEnterococcus faecium. Most of the enterococcus species are isolated from urine newlinesample 62.5%, followed by 17.0%, Blood 13.6%. Out of 125 enterococcus isolates. newline33 (26.4%) are vancomycin resistant enterococcus which confirmed by E-Test MIC newlinemethod. In our study VanA gene was more prominent than vanB gene, vanA was newline33.3% and vanB gene 15.1% detected. All the enterococcus isolates are 100% newlinesensitive to Linezolid and Pristinomycin. The present study indicated an increase in newlinevancomycin resistance of the enterococcus isolates. The vancomycin resistance in newlineenterococci not only leaves fewer options for the disease management, but it is also newlineimportant due to the potential risk of the vancomycin resistance gene transfer from the newlineenterococci to Staphylococci. It is very important to implement infection control newlinemeasures, screening of health care workers, surveillance cultures in intensive care newlineunits which can control spread of multidrug resistant enterococci. newlineKeywords: Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus, hemolysin, gelatinase, biofilm. newline