Removal of Textile Effluents from Waste Water Using Cost Effective Bio Adsorbents

Abstract

Environmental pollution is the biggest global problem concerning our ecosystem. Last few decades have witnessed increased sensitivity toward protection of environment. Society has a deep concern due to the potential adverse effects on flora and fauna imposed by various chemical industries. Various research groups are searching effective solutions and powerful ways and means for the control of environmental pollution. Indiscriminate use of water resources beyond their regeneration limit resulted into water crisis world is facing now a day along with generation of huge amount of waste water daily. Water pollution shows drastic impact on biotic as well as abiotic components of the environment. The hazardous effluents obtained from textile industries are consider as one of the major contributors of water pollutants discharged untreated into water bodies. Dyes and their metabolites are very toxic for life. In human being, dyes cause detrimental effects in term of hypertension, vomiting, liver dysfunction, impairment of respiratory tract, impair functioning of vital organs and leads to eutrophication phenomenon and perturbation of aquatic life as well. Different researcher has devised various techniques and methods for the exclusion of dye effluents. There are various methods such as adsorption, photo oxidation, coagulation, flocculation, ultra-filtration, Nano-filtration, activated carbon etc adopted for enrichment of dyes from waste water. Keeping in view the cost associated with each method, material used as well as reproducibility of each method, adsorption method is the most reliable and efficient technique attributed to its simplicity, cost effectiveness as well as there is non-production of any toxic sludge. The Present research work focus on the preparation of Walnut Shell Charcoal WSC) and activated Carbon Walnut Shell Charcoal (ACWSC) as a cost-effective adsorbent for the removal of Methylene Blue and Alizarine Red dye from aqueous solution through Batch adsorption studies. Adsorbents prepared are characterized to study the structural diversity and functionalities through FTIR and XRD analysis. Effect of reaction parameters involving (pH, initial dyes concentration, contact time, effect of Dosage and effect of salt concentration) on the adsorption process have been evaluated. Adsorption of both the dyes onto the WSC and ACWSC show a time dependent behaviour i.e. Adsorption increases with contact time and approaches up to equilibrium at about 50-60 min. Dye removal was pH dependent. ACWSC show good adsorption capacities towards the MB and AR removal. These adsorbents could be applied for the waste water pollution alleviation technologies for the removal of other textile effluents.