Role of Rosa Centifolia and Boerhaavia Diffusa in Protection Against Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats

Abstract

Background: The anthracycline derivative, doxorubicin is a cytotoxic agent with newlineproven efficacy in various malignancies. The clinical usefulness has been limited due newlineto its dose dependant cardiac toxicity. newlineObjectives: To study the influence of ethanolic extract and fractions of flower petals newlineof Rosa centifolia L. and whole plant of Boerhaavia diffusa L. against doxorubicin newlineinduced myocardial toxicity in albino rats. newlineMethodology: Cardiotoxicity was produced by doxorubicin (Dox) 2.5 mg/kg body newlineweight by i.p. in six equal doses alternative day for two weeks to make a cumulative newlinedose of 15 mg/kg. Ethanolic extract and fractions of Rosa centifolia and Boerhaavia newlinediffusa (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o) were administered as pretreatment for two weeks newlinefollowed by Doxorubicin 2.5 mg/kg i.p. in six equal injections alternative day for two newlineweeks. The parameters such as body weight, food and water intake, cardiac specific newlinemarkers like creatine kinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cardiac newlineTroponin-I (cTnI), biochemical parameters like alanine aminotransferase, aspartate newlineaminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, ECG changes, antioxidant parameters like newlinesuperoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and lipid newlineperoxidation (MDA) were monitored. Heart histopathalogical studies were also newlinecarried out to evaluate myocardial toxicity. newlineResults: Preliminary physio-chemical and phytochemical investigations established newlinethe standards and identified the type of phytoconstituents present in the plant extracts newlineand fractions. The repeated administration of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy newlinewas characterized by decreased body weight, food and water intake, elevated levels of newlinespecific cardiac markers, biochemical markers, changes in ECG pattern, increased the newlinelipid peroxidation and decreased the anti-oxidant enzymes and also changes in newlineXIX newline newlinehistopathology of myocytes. Pretreatment with ethanolic extract of Rosa centifolia newlineand Boerhaavia diffusa and their ethyl acetate fractions protected signifi