Measurement of entrance surface dose and biological effects of low dose Ionizing radiation received during neuro interventional radiological procedures

Abstract

Despite the extensive application of ionizing radiation in interventional radiology field, which aid in improving health these procedures are complicated and time consuming which use repeated imaging views and radiation exposures thus increasing patient dose and collective effective dose to the background at low doses and epitomizing as a major manmade source contributor of radiation exposures Whilst it is evident that high doses of radiation causes cancer what health effects are associated due to the use of low dose ionizing radiation in diagnostic medicine is still unclear Therefore the present study aimed at investigating the biological effects of low dose ionizing radiation received by individuals n is equal to 75who underwent neuro interventional radiological procedures Entrance Surface Dose showed that among all the sites head 230 plus or minus 4 point 09 mGy received the maximum ESD when compared to neck 189 point 51 plus or minus 3 point 55 mGy and shoulder 90 point 73 plus or minus 3point 4 mGy The overall Dose Area Product ranged from 1point 84 to 204 point 72 Gy cm2 Direct radiation induced damages to the genome was studied using chromosomal aberration CA and micronuclei MN assay showed that the mean frequency of CA at 2hr 0 point 0096 plus or minus 0 point 0001and 24 hr 0 point 0134 plus or minus 0 point 0001 post exposure was significantly p lesser than 0 point 01 higher when compared to before exposure 0 point 0004 plus or minus 0 point 00005 Similar to CA the obtained results showed that the mean MN frequency at 2hr 0 point 0173 plus or minus 0 point 0002 and 24 hr 0 point 0264 plus or minus plus or minus 0 point 0003 post exposure was significantly p less than 0 point 01enhanced when compared to before exposure 0 point 0111 plus or minus 0 point 0001Indirect effects of radiation studied using normal skin cells AG1522 to check if radiation Bleomycin exposed cells induced/responded to bystander signals The radiation exposed AG1522 cells were co cultured with its own unexposed cells for 24hr and the