To Study the Effect of Micronutrient Supplements During Pregnancy and its Effect In Birth Outcomes

Abstract

newline Background: newlineABSTRACT newlineFetal development and growth is an outcome of various factors including genetics, newlinematernal nutrition, maternal metabolism and placental health and functions. In newlinedeveloping nations, suboptimal maternal nutrition compromises fetal growth and newlinedevelopment. In developing nations like India supplementation during pregnancy is newlinegenerally limited to iron and folic acid, while vitamin B12 deand#64257;ciency is commonly newlineseen due to vegetarianism and lower consumption of milk and milk products. As per newlineNIH recommended dose of folic acid during pregnancy is 400 mcg/day, however, the newlinedosage prescribed in India is as high as 5 mg/day. Epidemiological studies have newlinedetermined a positive association of vitamin B12 supplementation along with folic on newlinepregnancy complications and outcomes. Moreover, available literature pertaining to newlinethe efficacy of vitamin B12 forms viz. Cyanocobalamin (Cbl), Methylcobalamin newline(MeCbl), Adenosylcobalamin (AdCbl) and Hydroxycobalamin (HCbl) is limited to newlineprevent or treat cobalamin deficiency. newline newlineAim and objectives: The aim of the present research was to determine the effect of newlinerecommended and high folic acid concentrations alone and in combination with newlinevitamin B12 forms on pregnancy related outcomes. newlineHence the objectives of the study are: newline1. To determine the effect of recommended and high folic acid concentrations alone newlineand in combination with vitamin B12 forms on human placental cell s (BeWo newlineand JEG3) health and functions: in-vitro. newlinex newline newline2. To determine the effect of recommended and high folic acid concentrations alone newlineand in combination with vitamin B12 forms on pregnancy outcomes in the rat newlinemodel of pregnancy. newline3. To determine the effect of recommended and high folic acid concentrations alone newlineand in combination with vitamin B12 forms on placental miRNA-16 and newlinemiRNA-21 expression to assess probable biomarkers to detect anomalies in fetal newlinegrowth. newline4. To determine the effect of recommended and high folic acid concentrations alone newlineand in com