Studies on the Adsorptive Removal of Heavy Metals by Cellulose Immobilized Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles

Abstract

Microcrystalline cellulose, Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and cellulose nanoparticles (CnPs) were used as immobilizer for the synthesis of cellulose immobilized nZVI composites. Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and cellulose nanoparticles (CnPs) were synthesized by acid hydrolysis method using hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid respectively. Cellulose immobilized zerovalent iron nanoparticles were synthesized by NaBH4 reduction method with iron loading of 5, 10 and 20% w/w. Four different solvent medium were used for the synthesis of cellulose immobilized nZVI; Water, [BMIM]-water binary medium, HCl-water binary and [BMIM]-HCl binary medium. The synthesized composites materials were characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR, TGA, XRD and XPS analysis. newlineThe Microcrystalline cellulose immobilized nZVI with 6, 12 and 24 % w/w of iron loading (A6, A12 and A24) synthesized in water medium. The material showed filament of chain like agglomeration of nZVI particles present on the cellulose surface. The filament of nZVI chain increases in length as the concentration of iron on cellulose increase. newlineThe nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) showed a fibre like arrangement and cellulose nanoparticles (CnPs) showed globular shape arrangement. The NCC and CnPs immobilized nZVI with 5, 10 and 20% w/w of iron loading encoding BCl-5-20 and newlineName of student newlineArchana Kumari Sharma newlineRegistration Number newlineCUP/MPh-PhD/SEES/EVS/2011-12/04 newlineDegree for which submitted newlineDoctor of Philosophy newlineSupervisor newlineDr. Sunil Mittal newlineCo-Supervisor Name newlineDr. J. Nagendra Babu newlineCentre newlineDepartment of Environmental Science and Technology newlineSchool of Studies newlineSchool of Environment and Earth Sciences newlineKey words newlinenZVI;Nanocellulose; Nanocrystalline cellulose; Microcrystalline Cellulose; Ionic Liquid [BMIM]Cl; Arsenite; Arsenate; Chromium; Copper; XPS, XRD, TEM newlineBSo-5-20, respectively synthesized using water medium. The nZVI particles observed to be disperse on the cellulose surface due to increased surface area of cellulose in case of BCl-5-10. The BSo-5-20showed agglomeration of nZVI partic