Activity guided fractionation and screening for the anticancer potential of Spirastrella pachyspira

Abstract

Marine invertebrates Porifera sponges remains to be the most prolific phylum concerning novel pharmacological compounds and literature revealed that Spirastrella pachyspira was explored for its antiangiogenic and anticholinesterase activity indicating antitumour activity The sponge was extracted with solvents of increasing polarity and subjected to preliminary analysis The ethyl acetate extract scavenged the DPPH and nitric oxide radicals at a low concentration exhibiting a potent antioxidant activity The cytotoxic potential of sponge was done against Her 2 positive cancer cell line SKBR3 The IC 50 of the four extracts showed that Spirastrella pachyspira had potent cytotoxic effect The DAPI assay of ethyl acetate extract showed concentration dependent apoptotic changes at cellular level endorsing its apoptotic potential The LD 50 value of ethyl acetate extract was greater than 2000 mg per kg bodyweight The ethyl acetate extract exhibited potent anticancer activity in athymic mice by xenograft model Column chromatography of the ethyl acetate extract led to isolation of sphingosine The ethyl acetate extract and sphingosine at two different concentrations were subjected to expression of apoptotic genes Bax and p53 and antiapoptotic gene Bcl2 which confirmed their apoptotic potential newline