Bio activity Guided Isolation of Cytotoxic Constituents from the Selected Indian Medicinal Plants Used in Ayurveda for Cancer Therapy

Abstract

newline Background: Plant derived cytotoxic constituents mainly terpenoids and polyphenolic newlinecompounds have played an important role in the development of clinically useful newlineanticancer agents. In this context, six Indian medicinal plants were selected based on newlineliterature claims. Despite several phytochemical studies on selected plants, the isolation newlineof cytotoxic molecules remains unexplored. Hence, there is necessity for isolation of newlinecytotoxic constituents from selected plants. newlineObjective: To isolate cytotoxic phytoconstituents from Indian medicinal plants used in newlineAyurveda by bioactivity guided fractionation. newlineMethodology: Based on Ayurvedic literature, six Indian medicinal plants were selected newlinefor the study: Artemisia absinthium (Asteraceae), Premna serratifolia (Verbenaceae), newlineMimosa pudica (Mimosaceae), Oroxylum indicum (Bignoniaceae), Heliotropium newlineindicum (Boraginaceae), and Amorphophallus sylvaticus (Araceae). Authenticated newlinedried plant materials were subjected to extraction with methanol and fractionated into newlinefour fractions (F1, F2, F3, F4) with phytochemical investigations. All extracts and their newlinefractions were subjected to preliminary cytotoxicity screening by BSL bioassay. The newlinecytotoxic plants were then evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC). Unsaponifiable newlineportion of active fractions (F1, F2) was subjected to isolation by column newlinechromatography followed by preparative TLC. Then the isolated compounds were newlineevaluated for cytotoxicity by BSL bioassay, followed by MTT assay using human newlinecancer cell lines. The active isolates were characterized by spectroscopic techniques newlinesuch as FTIR, HR-GCMS, HR-LCMS and NMR. newlineResults: In BSL bioassay, F1, F2, F3 fractions of A. absinthium, P. serratifolia and F1 newlinefraction of M. pudica showed significant cytotoxicity (LC newline50 newline lt 100 ppm). TPC was newlinefound to be highest in P. serratifolia (39.11mg GAE/g). Column chromatography of A. newlineabsinthium and M. pudica yielded in one single compounds each (AA-01 and MP-01). newlineFive compounds PS-01, PS-02, PS-01A, PS-0