Synthesis and Characterization of Biocompatible Inorganic Organic Nanocomposites Material for Sensor

Abstract

According to WHO report 2011, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been considered as newlinethe leading cause of death around the world which includes coronary heart disease, newlinecerebrovascular disease, raised blood pressure, peripheral artery disease, rheumatic heart newlinedisease, congenital heart disease and heart failure. The symptoms typically associated newlinewith heart attacks and angina includes chest pain, pressure, shortness of breath, and/or newlinenausea but they may also be seen with non-heart related conditions. Since the treatment newlinefor each previous condition differs, and most of them require urgent measures, it is newlinenecessary that physicians are provided with additional information in a short time basis, newlineenabling them to carry out quick and accurate diagnosis. So far for diagnosis, prognosis, newlinemonitoring, and risk stratification of suspected heart attack patients with symptoms of newlineacute myocardial infarction (AMI), cardiac biomarkers have been employed. Different newlinelaboratorial detection methods are used for the estimation of cardiac biomarkers that newlineinclude sandwich immunoassay with secondary labeled antibodies, enzyme linked newlineimmunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluorescence. However, they require laboratory newlineequipments with proper instrument, multi-step processing of samples, and well-trained newlinepersonnel, leading to considerable time consuming and expense to the overall detection. newlineTherefore, there is a growing demand for a range of rapid and low cost device for the newlinedetection of CVD. newlineBiosensors can play an important role in this regard, without having to rely on newlinehospital visits, where expensive and time consuming laboratory tests are recommended. newlineiv newlineAmong the different types of biosensors available, the biosensors based on newlineelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) have emerged as the most commonly newlineused biosensors as they have been found to overcome most of the disadvantages, which newlineinhibits the use of other types of biosensors.