Physiotherapy Intervention in the Management of Dizziness

Abstract

Background: Humans need information from muscle receptors, proprioceptors and the vestibular apparatus to balance and position body. They tend to fall or get confused when relative positioning in the space is disturbed. Relative positioning of the body and its efficiency to move depends on a motor system and a set of delicate sensing devices (i.e. proprioception, visual, vestibular) that provide information about the environment, orientation complex and involves integration of visual effects to maintain balance. If, integration between vision and eye movements did not take place, an eye movement would be interpreted by a sudden movement of the environment by the brain. Mostly eye movements are initiated in the cortex, which are then relayed to vestibular nuclei and lateral gaze center in the Pons. From pons, the stimulus for eye movements is integrated by the medial longitudinal fasciculus to the nuclei of the extra ocular muscles simultaneous with cortico vestibular discharge which is also called a corollary discharge to the visual cortex to prepare it for the imminent movement. This pathway prevents the potential disorienting effect which may occur due to change in visual information. newlineResults: In this study, initially we have conducted literature search in electronic databases (MEDLINE, SCIELO, EMBASE etc.). In which total 113 studies were retrieved from initial search strategy. The experimental group table values of DHI score during the 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks were 110.19, 103.33, 93.17, 170.35 and 165.85. The obtained table values of BBS during the 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12, weeks 114.60, 135.13, 94.48, 110.86 and 118.45. The control group obtained table values of DHI and BBS during the 0, 3, 6,9,12 weeks. The DHI values were 101.39, 92.17, 99.48, 32.68, 91.79 and BBS table values were 113.8, 121.29, 114.90, 95.44, and 173.37. Correlation coefficients of DHI total on Berg balance scale was strong considering 0.82 when observed the DHI sub scale components. newline newline