Evaluation of Vascular Factors and Biochemical Markers in Vascular Dementia

Abstract

Background newlineVascular disease factors like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, and ischaemic heart disease contribute to the development of Vascular Dementia. These factors are often comorbid and continue to operate after development of Vascular Dementia. The role of these vascular disease factors and various biomarkers in terms of predictors of dementia severity or prognostic markers is not known. Hence, we investigated the role of vascular disease factors and biomarkers in subjects with vascular dementia. newline newlineMethods newlineIn this study, 159 subjects with probable vascular dementia (as per NINDS-AIREN criteria) attending the memory clinic at PGIMER and Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital were assessed for Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Dyslipidaemia, Ischemic Cardiovascular disease, Obesity, Carotid Intimal medial thickness Nicotine Dependence, Serum Vitamin D3 levels, Serum Homocysteine level and Serum hs CRP level using standardised operational definitions and for cognition, severity, and and#8215;Behavioral and Psychiatric symptoms in Vascular Dementia using standardized rating instruments. The data obtained were subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. newline newlineResults newlineDyslipidaemia (79.25 per cent) was the most common vascular disease factor followed by hypertension (73.58 per cent), Ischaemic Heart Disease (58.49 per cent), and diabetes mellitus (40.80 per cent). Most subjects (81.1 per cent) had two or more vascular disease factors. Subjects with more severe dementia had more vascular disease factors (sig 0.001). newlineThe significant predictors of cognition for Vascular Dementia were Diabetes Mellitus, Total Vascular Burden in terms of number of vascular disease factors, Carotid Intimal Medial Thickness, Serum Vitamin D3 levels and Serum Homocysteine levels. newline newlineConclusion newlineOur study demonstrated that in subjects with Vascular Dementia attending Memory Clinic in a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, various vascular disease factors individually and in combination were significant predictors of cognition, severity ....