Studies on Salmonella contamination in the eggs of layer hens, ducks and Japanese quail

Abstract

ABSTRACT newlineThe present study has been taken up, to assess Salmonella contamination in the newlinecontent and shell of commercial layer hen eggs, non-commercial layer hen eggs, newlineJapanese quail and duck eggs, collected from the retail outlets of Kottayam, Kerala. newlineThe various Salmonella strains encountered in the present study has been subjected to newlineserotyping to see the prevalence of various serotypes. Which revealed the presence of newlineprevalence of serotype such as S. Worthington, S. Weltevreden, S. Typhimurium, S. newlineBareilly, S. Dublin S. Enteritidis, S. Infantis were observed. Further, antibiotic newlineresistance of the strains has been studied to find out the prevalence of multiple newlineantibiotic resistance (MAR) among these strains. Drug resistance pattern of the newlineisolates showed high degree of multiple antibiotic resistance among strains with newlinevariety of different patterns indicating a large pool of resistance plasmids among newlinethese organisms. The high degree of drug resistance among Salmonella strains from newlinethe egg samples may be due to the sub therapeutic regimen of antibiotics in the newlinecommercial poultry farming operations. The growth and survival of Salmonella in newlinealbumen and yolk of eggs, heat resistance of S. Enteritidis in liquid whole eggs as well newlineas in pasteurized liquid whole eggs and the thermal inactivation of S. Enteritidis in newlineeggs subjected to cooking in water were also studied. Extract of four different spices newlinesuch as garlic, ginger, onion and green chili were also tested for their antibacterial newlineactivity against Salmonella in eggs from commercial layer hen eggs, non-commercial newlinelayer hen eggs, Japanese quail and duck. The experimental studies were done using newlineegg microcosm. In view of the above mentioned reasons it was considered worth newlinewhile to undertake a study. Accordingly, the present study was planned and the result newlineof the study was presented under the title Studies on Salmonella contamination newlinein the eggs of layer hens, ducks, and Japanese Quail the work is presented newlineunder five chapters.