Study of Genotoxicity of Nanoparticles

Abstract

Background: Nanotechnology has emerged as a new science that provides promising newlinetechnology breakthroughs and innovative applications due to the unique properties of newlinenanoparticles. The field has progressed immensely from the time of its inception and has newlinebecome a flourishing industry today. Nanotechnology utilizing engineered nanomaterials, newlinespecifically Titanium dioxide and Zinc oxide nanoparticles have found applications in every newlineday life and a rapid rise in nano enhanced consumer and health care products has been newlineobserved. The unusual physicochemical properties of nanoparticles that lead to advances of newlinenanotechnology also lead to unique biological effects, and therefore interactions between newlinenanoparticles and biological systems needs to be studied to understand the adverse human newlinehealth side effects. Since the properties of nanoparticles enable to them to travel easily newlinethrough organisms, and result in biological interactions, there is a possibility that newlinenanoparticles interfere with DNA causing deleterious effects. Genetic damage plays a key role newlinein initiation and progression of carcinogenesis and in reproductive and developmental newlineabnormalities, hence assessment of genotoxicity is important. The physicochemical properties newlineof nanoparticles play a critical role in determining their toxic effects, therefore newlinecharacterization in exposure media and evaluation of their bioavailability in nano form needs newlineto be done. newlineAim: The present study was done to investigate the in vitro genotoxicity of Titanium dioxide newlineand Zinc oxide nanoparticles using short term cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes newlinethrough cytogenetic endpoints, Chromosomal aberration assay and Comet assay. To achieve newlinethis aim and elucidate the possible mechanism behind genotoxicity, stability and dispersion newlinestudies were carried out by characterization of physicochemical properties, particokinetic newlineanalysis followed by DNA binding studies and NP induced genotoxicity. This study newlineemphasizes on the importance of physicochemical parameters for dispersion of NPs b