Targeted drug delivery using paclitaxel loaded hydroxyapatite and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in vivo toxicity and anticancer analysis

Abstract

Nanomedicine is defined as the monitoring, repair, construction, and control of human biological systems using engineered nanodevices and nanostructures. The effect of annealing temperature on the particle size was studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the prepared and annealed samples exhibit phase pure hydroxyapatite and titanium dioxide nanoparticles, which was further confirmed by Raman studies. Transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images showed the increase in particle size with increase in annealing temperature. Hydroxyapatite alginate nanocomposites were synthesized for sustained drug delivery applications. The nanocomposites were characterized using FTIR, TGA analysis. Ciprofloxacin (CPX) was the model drug used. Drug loading and drug release analyses were done. FTIR analysis shows that alginate did not induce any modification in the structure. Ciprofloxacin was loaded on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles before alginate encapsulation. Drug absorption and drug release studies were performed. These studies showed that there is an initial burst in the release of ciprofloxacin. In-vivo anticancer analysis of HAp-PEG-FA-PAC and TiO2-PEGFA- PAC nanoparticles was done in N-Nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) induced animal models. Hepatocarcinoma was induced by DEN. Paclitaxel attached surface- modified nanoparticles and surface- modified paclitaxel attached nanoparticles were given to animals by intraperitonial injection. At the end of study hematological, biochemical and histopathological analysis were done. Histopathological studies were done for liver. All the analysis shows that the surface- modified paclitaxel attached nanoparticles were effective than the pure paclitaxel. The efficiency of the targeted paclitaxel is higher than the pure paclitaxel. This is interpreted from the targeting of paclitaxel. All the animals survived throughout the period of study. newline newline newline