An investigation into CMOS implementation and applications of third generation current conveyors

Abstract

Analog design techniques and applications have been mostly dominated by the Integrated Circuit Op-Amp, henceforth referred to as voltage mode Op-Amp or in short VOA. These VOAs offered some limitations too such as; i limited bandwidth ii gain is restricted to gain bandwidth product iii high slew rate etc. Later on the development of current conveyors CC of various generations Ist, IInd and IIIrd provided some solutions to these limitations of VOAs. Synthesis of electrical filters, sinusoidal oscillators, impedance realizations and non-linear functional blocks were all, some new configurations. It is also important to observe that a number of researchers ventured into the task of modifying the basic CC configuration itself and, accordingly, a large variety of current conveyors have also evolved in past three decades such as CCII, generalized CC, DOCC Dual Output Current Conveyor, Multiple output current conveyor MOCC, FDCC Fully Differential Current Conveyor to name a few. Researchers have conducted lot of work on above mentioned variants of current conveyors and have found numerous applications where a particular type is more useful to carry out a specific type of function. In this list of CC variants a far less explored CC is the third generation Current Conveyor CCIII which has not been explored and investigated much in the past and, hence, has been made the focus of this thesis. It shows that, although, there are many analog circuit realizations using CCIII such as, multifunction filters, inductance simulations, oscillators, waveform generators etc., the literature yet the absence of the following CCIII-based applications is obvious in the published literature- newline newlinei. there is no single publication on current mode universal filter employing conventional CCIII newlineii. there is no single publication on single-resistance-controlled-oscillators utilising CCIII and newlineiii. there are no publications on CCIII-based non-linear applications. newline newlineThese are the voids that this PhD thesis is trying to fill. newline newline newline newline newline