Biodegradation of ecotoxic organophosphorus and neonicotinoid insecticide additives by pseudomonas desmolyticum NCIM 2112

Abstract

Insecticide additives are the most dangerous pollutants in agriculture practices. Use of additives in the formulation of organophosphorus and neonicotinoid insecticide is common. They are generally added during the formulation of insecticides to compensate the time required before the action of active ingredient commence. Due to their chemical structure, additives are highly recalcitrant and often toxic in nature. They also lead to the formation of toxic product after releasing into the environment. Insecticide additives are recalcitrant and xenobiotic compounds. They are responsible to show toxicity and tumourogenic properties. Their removal from the soil is a major environmental problem. From the treatment point of view; the degradation of additives has received considerable attention. Biodegradation is the suitable technique which works well with the xenobiotic compounds. Increasing concerns about presence of additives in the fruits and vegetables leads to the worldwide efforts to develop a strategy for the removal process. Physical and chemical methods for removal of additives from environment are not so effective because of their low efficiency and high cost therefore use of genetically modified bacteria which is capable of degrading insecticide additive gaining increasing interest in the area of environmental microbiology. Organophosphorus insecticide additive like tallowamine ethoxylate and neonicotinoid insecticide additive like benzyl benzoate and N-cyclohexyl benzothiazole-2-sulfenamide are responsible to show considerable soil and water toxicity. newline Keeping all these above points in mind, in the present study, we observed that the bacteria Pseudomonas desmolyticum NCIM 2112 have the ability to degrade the organophosphorus and neonicotinoid insecticide additives. In the present studies, we have also explored the ability of Pseudomonas desmolyticum NCIM 2112 to detoxify the organophosphorus insecticide additive, tallowamine ethoxylate and neonicotinoid insecticide additives.