Therapeutic Effects of Terminalia bellirica Fruits on Experimentally Induced Diabetes and Obesity in Rats

Abstract

Major objectives : newlineThe present study was formulated with the following objectives: newlineTo assess the nutrients,antioxidants, antidiabetic and antiobesity activities of newlineTerminalia bellirica by in vitro studies newlineTo evaluate the in vivo antidiabetic and antiobesity activities of Terminalia bellirica in newlineexperimental rats newlineTo identify the bioactive constituents present in Terminalia bellirica newlineTo analyze the interaction of active compounds present in the Terminalia bellirica with newlinethe diabetes and obesity target proteins in silico The study was carried out in four phases: newlinePhase I involves the collection and characterization of the leaves, fruits and bark of newlineTerminalia bellirica biochemical parameters, antioxidant, in vitro antidiabetic and newlineantiobesity activities. newlineThe leaves, fruits and bark of Terminalia belliricawere collectedfrom Velliangiri hills, newlineCoimbatore, Tamil Nadu. They were identified and duly authenticated by Botanical Survey of newlineIndia, Coimbatore. The authentication number is BSI/SRC/5/23/2014-15/Tech 510. newlineThe nutrient content such as carbohydrate, protein, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, newlinepotassium and iron of the leaves, fruits and bark of Terminalia bellirica were determined. The newlineantioxidant status was analyzed by quantification of enzymic (catalase, superoxide dismutase, newlinepolyphenol oxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase) and non-enzymic newline(ascorbic acid, and#945;- tocopherol, polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, tannins and reduced newlineglutathione) antioxidants.The free radical scavenging activities (DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl, newlinesuperoxide, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) of the leaves, fruits and bark of Terminalia newlinebellirica were determined in the petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone and ethanol extracts. An aqueous extract was also prepared by using distilled water. In vitro antidiabetic (and#945;-amylase and and#945;-glucosidase inhibitory) and antiobesity (pancreatic lipase inhibitory) activities and capacity of glucose uptake of different extracts were also assessed in the leaves, fruits and bark of Terminalia be