Investigation in solution properties of bioactive solutes and mineral salts prevailing in some aqueous and nonaqueous solvent systems

Abstract

Thermo-physical and bulk properties of solutions are very useful to obtain newlineinformation on the intermolecular interactions and geometrical effects in the systems. Moreover, knowledge of the thermodynamic properties is essential for the proper design of industrial processes. Accurate knowledge of thermodynamic properties of solution mixtures has great relevance in theoretical and applied areas of research. The branch of physical chemistry that studies the change in properties that arise when one substance dissolves in another substance is termed as solution chemistry. It investigates the solubility of substances and how it is affected by the chemical nature of both the solute and the solvent. The mixing of different solute or solvent with another solvent/solvent mixtures gives rise to solutions that generally do not behave ideally. This deviation from ideality is expressed in terms of many thermodynamic parameters, by excess properties in case of liquid-liquid mixtures and apparent molar properties in case of solid-liquid mixtures. These thermodynamic properties of solvent mixtures corresponds to the difference between the actual property and the property if the system behves ideally and thus are useful in the study of molecular interactions and arraangements. In particular, they reflect the interaction that take place between solute-solute, solute-solvent and solvent-solvent species.However, the exact structure of the solvent molecule is not known with certainity. The addition of an ion or solute modifies the solvent structure to an extent whereas the solute molecules are also modified. The extent of ion-solvation is dependent upon the interactions taking place between solute-solute, solute-solvent, solvent-solvent species. The assesment of ion-pairing in these systems is important because of its effect on the ionic mobility and hence on the ionic conductivity of the ions in solution.