Synthesis characterization and applications of dialkyldimethyl ammonium salt and BIS quaternary ammonium salts

Abstract

Quaternary ammonium salts (quats) are salts of quaternary ammonium cations with an anion. The quaternary ammonium cations are positively charged poly atomic ions of the structure N+R-, R being an alkyl or aryl group. In the present investigation, three different quaternary ammonium salts have been synthesized, characterized and applied in three different applications viz (i) as an extractant in the extraction of Cr (VI) by solvent extraction method (ii) as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic environment and (iii) as a phase transfer catalyst in the radical polymerization of alkyl methacrylates using water soluble initiators. In present study tannery effluents were collected from leather tanneries in Erode, Tamil Nadu, India. The effect of the variables such as solvent, quaternary ammonium salt, sulphuric acid, pH, equilibration time and aqueous organic ratio were studied and they have a positive effect on chromium extraction efficiency. The inhibition efficiency has been examined by varying the concentration of quaternary ammonium salts, pH and temperature. Lack of homogeneity of the reaction mixture is a vital factor which contributes slowness or non-feasibility of chemical reactions. This problem can be eradicated by the use of phase transfer catalyst. A number of chemicals are produced commercially by using phase transfer catalyst. The aim of this work is to study the influence of phase transfer catalyst in the radical polymerization of alkyl methacrylates to produce a polymers with good mechanical and optical properties which will be a potential material for demanding applications. In this part of application study, kinetics and mechanism of the free radical polymerization of alkyl methacrylate (RMA), using potassium peroxo disulfate (PDS) as water-soluble initiators in the presence of phase-transfer catalyst (PTC), were explored. The molecular weight of the synthesized polymer is calculated by Gel permeation chromatographic technique. Based on the kinetic evidences a suitable mechanism is proposed. newline