Groundwater modeling and management for Hosur, Hosur Taluk, Krishnagiri District, Tamilnadu, India

Abstract

Water, the Elixir of all living beings and a life supporting commodity is nowadays becoming scarce in the present world due to various anthropogenic activities. The various usage of water in different sectors like agricultural, domestic, and industries including recreational aspects increases rapidly and in turn groundwater gets depleted day by day and causes instability to the water table levels and affects the groundwater balance. This thesis highlights about groundwater modeling based on which necessary mitigatory measures can be taken for the conservation of groundwater. The field data collected for the study includes rainfall data (1990-2008), groundwater level data from five observation wells (1992- 2006), pumping test data, and topographical data from various departments and twenty groundwater samples were collected from the study area for the analysis of groundwater quality. The groundwater potential was assessed by groundwater fluctuation method recommended by GEC committee 1997. The collected data were fit into five regression models viz, Linear, Quadratic Logarithmic, Exponential and Power model. Among these, only three models viz, Linear, Quadratic and Logarithmic model showed good correlation between rainfall and water table depths. The results indicate the most acceptable model was the Quadratic model having a higher correlation coefficient of 0.93 and 0.82 and standard estimate of error of 0.035 and 0.09 for Perandapalli observation well and Mathigiri observation well, when compared with the results of other two models. From the above studies, it is concluded that the available groundwater potential is insufficient to overcome the demand. Hence, effective groundwater management is necessary at this junction. From the analysis, very high groundwater potential zone was identified near Peedaelassgiri, Madivalam and Aghraham village. The artificial recharge structures suggested and designed for this terrain were Percolation tank in Nallur region and Nalabund in Allur Region.