Spectral studies of nd3 and pr3 rare earth ions in different glass environments

Abstract

Spectroscopy is a branch of Physics that deals with the study of interaction of radiation with matter. New innovations and inventions resulted in the development of sophisticated instruments for the accurate and reliable measurements. The applications of spectroscopy find place in other areas such as Chemistry, Medicine, Forensic, Industry, Agriculture, Defense, Communications, Biology, Geology, Astronomy etc. newlineFor the last several decades, rare earth (RE) ions have been the subject of intensive investigations due to their unique spectroscopic properties and potential applications as activator ions in solid state lasers. When RE ions are doped in the heavy metal oxide (HMO) glasses, the lasing efficiency varies. The RE ions have partially filled 4fn electrons (n=2, 3,..,13) by the outer and completely filled 5s and 5p electron shells by which the influence of external electric and magnetic fields on 4f electrons is weak. The incorporation of HMOs into the glass former matrices such as borate, tellurite, phosphate glass matrices lead to an increase in their luminescence quantum efficiency. newlineMotivated by the works reported in literature in the area of RE doped HMO glasses, the present work on the preparation and characterization of Nd3+ and Pr3+. doped lead-bismuth-aluminum-borate (HMO) glasses was undertaken. The effect of host glass matrix variation and the variation of concentration of Nd3+ and Pr3+. ions on their spectral properties have been studied in the present work. The work presented in the thesis is mainly divided into seven chapters and each chapter is subdivided into several sections. newlineThe First chapter deals with the introduction and review of the literatureand#8223;. A critical survey of the previous experimental works, which are concerned with the physical and spectroscopic properties of Nd3+ and Pr3+ ions doped glass matrices is presented in this chapter. A newlinebrief review of related theories is presented. The purpose and scope of the present study are highlighted. newlineIn the Second chapter experimental techniques